Patient Center

The Lymphatic System

Lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes are found throughout the body, but tend to be concentrated in certian areas. Note the numbers of lymphatic vessels in the hands and breast area, for instance, and the concentration of lymph nodes in the head and neck, armpits, and groin. Lymph rejoins the blood circulation by means of the right lymphatic duct and the thracic duct, located at the right and left sides of the neck, respectively.

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Lymphedema is a chronic swelling, due to inadequate lymph drainage. Swelling can be present anywhere on the body, but is most commonly seen in an arm or a leg.

Lymphedema occurs when the impairment becomes so great that the lymphatic fluid exceeds the lymphatic transport capacity.

Lymphedema becomes apparent when the protein rich fluid builds up and swelling begins.

Lymphedema develops when lymphatic vessels are damaged or lymph nodes are removed (secondary), or when lymphatic vessels are impaired or missing (primary).

Lymphedema is a fairly common problem. People with certain types of cancer, such as breast cancer, are at risk of developing lymphedema. The lymphedema can develop because of radiotherapy, surgery to remove lymph nodes, or because the lymph nodes are blocked by cancer. Lymphedema caused by a disease or treatment is called secondary lymphoedema.

Lymphedema is not always related to cancer. Occassionally it occurs because the lymphatic system has not formed properly, in which case it is called primary lymphedema.

You are at risk for developing lymphedema if you have had lymph nodes removed and/or radiation therapy. This risk is usually restricted to the quadrant(s) from which the lymph nodes were removed and/or the radiation given.

If you notice any swelling, seek medical advice from your surgeon or oncologist, to rule out the possibility of a recurrent tumor. If lymphedema is diagnosed, it is essential to seek treatment for it immediately. Lymphedema cannot be completely cured, but many things can be done to help reduce the swelling and discomfort.

What is Lymphadema?
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